In simple terms, the science and art of designing buildings or structures is known as architecture. Architectural works are often perceived as pieces of art and, political and cultural symbols. Ancient surviving architectural structures have become an identity of historical civilizations. An individual involved in the practice of architecture is known as an architect.
As stated earlier, architecture is described as both science and art. It is science because it involves turning ideas and concepts into reality. For this architects need to possess an understanding of various branches of science like physics, mathematics, chemistry and even biology. Architecture is called an art because it is an expression of the architect's ideals, beliefs and emotions. Great works of architecture stimulate emotions and impart inspiration.
The practice of architecture involves offering professional services for restoration, conservation, alteration, enlargement, designing and construction of buildings. The services include but are not limited to land use planning, preliminary studies, creation of designs, drawings and models, construction economics, monitoring construction and project management.
In the past few decades a number of specializations have come up in the field of architecture. Increasingly complicated nature of large modern buildings, which require the knowledge of areas like local law compliance, finance, quality, durability and sustainability, is the main reason for the rise of specializations.
Environmental sustainability is one of the areas that are rapidly gaining importance. It involves considering the environmental impact of a structure while designing it. Almost all large modern structures are a result of the efforts of a group rather than a single individual. | 
